5. 不定代词

1）some，any

some用于肯定句中，any用于否定句和疑问句中。如：
There are some pens on the desk.
There aren't any pens on the desk.
Are there any pens on the desk?
Some are Chinese.    Others are English.
在表示请求、建议、反问等句子中，用some而不是用any。如：
Would you like some drink?
any也可以表示任何一个。如：
Do you know any of her friends?
If you have any questions, you can ask me.

2）复合不定代词：something， anything，nothing，everything，somebody，anybody，nobody，everybody，someone，anyone，no one，everyone，somewhere，anywhere，nowhere，everywhere这些不定代词都作单数，表示“某物”、“某人”、“某地”。

（1）作主语：
Someone is waiting for you.
No one is in the classroom.

（2）作宾语：
Have you got anything to say?
Did you see anything else in the classroom?

（3）不定代词被形容词修饰时，定语放在它们的后面。如：
I’ve got something interesting to tell you.
There's nothing new in the newspaper.

3）a few，few，a little，little前两者修饰可数名词，后两者修饰不可数名词。few，little表示否定，意思是几乎没有；a few，a little表示肯定，意思是还有几个、有一点。如：
There is still a little time left, you needn't hurry.
I can't buy anything because I have little money on me.

4）both（两者都，复数），all（三者以上都，复数），neither（两m.91zhongkao.com者都不，单数），none（三者以上都不，单复数），either（两者中的一个，单数），both...and， neither...nor， either...or

（1）作主语：
Both of the twins are doctors.
All of them are honest.
Neither of them is a doctor.
None of them is/are honest.
（2）词组：
Both Li Ping and I are students.
Neither Li Ping nor I am a student.
（3）作形容词：
on both sides of the river
on either side of the river

注意下面句子转化：
Both of them are teachers.
改成否定句是： Neither of them is a teacher.
All of us are students.
改成否定句是： None of us is a student.      或： None of us are students.

5）one ...the other(s)表示一个……其余的……，是有范围的；some...others 表示一些……另一些……，是无范围的；another 表示很多中的另一个，再……个。如：
He has two brothers. One is an engineer, the other is a writer.
Some like football. Others like basketball.
Some books on the shelf are in Chinese, the others in English.
She will be in hospital for another two weeks.（她将在医院再住两星期。）

2013中考英语语法汇总：代词语法讲解

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