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2011中考英语重点词组复习资料

 另外,over作介词还有“翻过……”的意思,如:climb the mountain 翻过那座山。
  §11 affair/matter/business
  Ⅰ. affair “事、事情、事务”它的涵义最广,可指已经发生或必须做的任何事情, 也可泛指事务(通常用算数,指重大或头绪较多的事务)。如:
  ①The railway accident was a terrible affair.那次火车事故是件可怕的事。
  ②That’s my affair, not yours. 那是我的事, 不是你的。
  ③We should concern ourselves with state affairs. 我们要关心国家大事。
  Ⅱ. matter“事、事情” 是普通用语,常指我们所写到或谈到的事情,要考虑和处理的事情。如:
  ①This is a matter I know little about. 这件事我不大知道。
  ②I’ll ask some one about the matter.关于这件事我将去问问人。
  ③There are several matters to be considered. 有几件事情要考虑。
  [注]:在口语中,be the matter 相当于 be wrong, 表发生了失常的事或出了毛病等意思。如:
  ① What’s the matter? 怎么啦?
  ② What’s the matter with you? 你怎么啦?
  Ⅲ. business“生意、商业”产普通用语。它表“事情、事务”时,往往指一种任务、责任或必须去做的事。此外, 它有时还含有轻蔑的意味。如:
  ①We don’t do much business with them.我们跟他们没有多少生意来往。
  ②It is a teacher’s business to help his pupils.帮助学生是教师的责任。
  ③He made it his business to fetch water for a granny. 他把为一位老大娘挑水当作自己的事。
  ④It’s not your business.这不是你的事。
  [注]:这三个词有时可通用,但不能任意替换。如:
  Mind your own business.少管闲事。这里的 business 可用affairs 替换,但不能用 matters.
  §12 afraid/ fear/ frightened
  Ⅰ. afraid “害怕”是形容词,只能作表语,而不能作定语,后接of 短语或不定式,构成 be afraid of sb. 和 be afraid to do sth
  ①She is afraid of a snake. 她害怕蛇。
  ②The little girl is afraid  to go out at night.
  afraid +that clause “恐怕”, 是婉转拒绝别人的一种表达方式。 如:
  ①I’m afraid (that) I can’t go to the party. My brother is sick.  恐怕我不能去参加聚会了。我弟弟病了。
  Ⅱ. fear “害怕”是动词,与be afraid 往往通用,但不如它常用(特别是在口语中)。如:
  ①We fear no difficulty.我们不怕困难。
  ②He feared to speak his mind.他不敢说出自己的想法。
  ③Fearing that he would catch cold, I went out to see him.因为怕他会受凉,我走去看他。
  Ⅲ. frightened adj “受惊吓的、害怕的”可做表语,也可作定语。如:
  ①She is too frightened to move.她太害怕了不能动弹。
  ②A frightened girl is crying. 一个受惊的女孩正在哭。
  §13 feel like / would like
  Ⅰ.feel like 与would like 意思很相近,但feel like 后面常跟名词;动名词。构成:feel like (doing) sth. 而 would like 一般接名词;动词不定式。构成:would like (to do) sth.的句式。如:
  ①I feel like (having) a drink. = I would like (to have) a drink. 我想喝一杯。
  ②Do you feel like talking a walk. = Would you like to take a walk? 你要不要散步?
  ③I don’t feel like eating. 我不想吃东西。
  Ⅱ.feel like 还表示:“觉得好像,摸起来像”。如:
  ①It feels like silk. 它摸起来像绸缎。
  §14. after/behind “在……之后”
  Ⅰ. after “在……(时间)之后”;
  “在……(地点)之后”,指次序。如:
  ①He came after ten o’clock. 他十点以后来的。
  ②Two days after his arrival, I called on him. 在他到达两天以后,我拜访了他。
  ③‘Against’ comes after ‘again’ in this cictionary.在这本字典中 ‘against’ 排在 ‘again’ 之后。
  Ⅱ. behind 表地点时意为:在……后面、着重指位置的前后。偶尔也指时间,表按照一定的时刻而迟了的意思。
  ①The garden is behind the house.
  ②He stood behind me.
  ③The train was behind time. 火车误点了。
  ④You are two hours behind. 你迟了两个小时。
  §15. ago/before
  Ⅰ. ago adv. “……以前”指从此刻起,若干时间以前,通常与过去连用。如:
  ①It happened two days ago.这件事发生在两天以前。
  ②I met him a few minutes ago.我在几分钟以前碰到他。
  Ⅱ. before adv, prep & conj “……以前”指从那时起若干时间以前。通常与完成时、过去时等连用。还可用作前置词或连接词表时间,而ago 则不能这样用。
  ①He said that he had seen her two days before.他说他两天前见到过她。(表从她说话那时起两天前)
  ②I had been fine the day before.(那天)前一天的天气很好。
  ③I’ve seen that film before.
  ④I never met him before.
2011中考英语重点词组复习资料

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