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2011中考英语重点词组复习资料

52 ask/ ask for
  Ⅰ. ask vt “问”后接一个宾语或双宾语。如:
  ①Don’t ask me, I don’t know.别问我,我不知道。
  ②Then ask your friend the same questions.然后问你的朋友同样的问题。
  Ⅱ. ask vi “要求”“邀请”。后接不定式或复合句宾语。如:
  ①He asked to join the PLA. 他要求参加人民解放军。
  ②The villagers always ask them to stay for lunch. 乡亲们总是请他们留下来吃午饭。
  Ⅲ. ask for “要求找到某人或某物”在不同情况下有不同的译法。如:
  ①He sat down and asked for a cup of tea. 他坐下来要了一杯茶。
  ②Last time Mum asked for some glasses in a shop. 上次妈妈在一家商店里要买几只玻璃杯。
  Ⅴ. ask sb for sth “向某人要某物”如:
  ①Now ask your partner for the answers.向你的搭档要答案去。
  ②He came and asked me for his bike.他来向我要他的自行车。
  §53 asleep/ sleep / sleepy
  Ⅰ. asleep adj “睡着的”;常作表语。如:
  ①The children have been asleep.孩子们已睡着了。
  ②He was too tired and fell asleep at once.他太累了,立刻就睡着了。
  Ⅱ. sleep v & n “睡着”。如:
  ①You have a good sleep. 你需要好好睡一觉。
  ②Last night I sleep very well. 我昨天晚上睡得很好。
  Ⅲ. sleepy adj “困乏的、想睡的”。如:
  ①She is always sleepy. 她总是想睡觉。
  ②I feel very sleepy now. 我现在昏昏欲睡。
  §54 at Christmas/ on Christmas
  Ⅰ. at Christmas 表示“在圣诞节期间”,既可以表示在圣诞节当天,也可以表示在圣诞节前后不久。如:
  I’ll return at Christmas 我将在圣诞节期间回来。
  Ⅱ. on Christmas 则指“在圣诞节”,一般仅指在十二月二十五日当天。如:
  Children always get many presents on Christmas Day.在圣诞节孩子们总是收到许多圣诞节礼物。
  [注]:on Christmas Eve 指的是“在圣诞节前夜”相当于中国的除夕。
  §55 at first/ first
  Ⅰ. at first “起初”,多用来表示后来发生的事情或动作,与前面的不同,甚至相反。如:
  At first she knew nobody but now she has many good friends.起初她谁也不认识,但现在她有很多朋友。
  Ⅱ. first 用来表示一系列动作或事物的“开始”。如:
  Be polite. First knock at the door and then go in.要有礼貌。先敲门,再进去。
  §56 at last/ finally/ in the end
  Ⅰ. at last “最后”表经过一定曲折之后某事才发生,强调努力的结果,带有较强的感情色彩。须用一般过去时。如:
  Did the man in the shop understand him at last?
  Ⅱ. finally 表动作的发生顺序是在“最后”, 无感情色彩,只用于过去时。它居句首时较多。
  ①Finally he went to see the famous man himself.
  Ⅲ. in the end 表事物发展的自然顺序的“终结”,有时可与finally相互替换。但用于将来的预测时,则只能用in the end 如:
  ①I hope that everything will turn out all right in the end.
  §57 at school/ in school/ in a (the) school
  Ⅰ. at school表示“在学校、在上学”相对于在家里或在校外。如:
  ①My son is at school now. He is not at home or somewhere else. 我儿子现在在学校,他不在家,也不在别的地方。
  ②When my brother was at school, he studied very hard.在学校时,我兄弟学习很用功。
  Ⅱ. in school “在求学、在上学”相对于有工作。如:
  My daughter still in school She doesn’t work.。我女儿还在上学,她不在工作。
  [注]:①和②用at school 强调所在场所或时间。③中的in school 则强调主语的身份是学生。因此,in school. 和 at school的着重点不一样,通常不互换使用。
  Ⅲ. In a / the school “在学校”,不一定指上学。类似的还有:
  in hospital “生病住院”
  in a / the hospital表“在医院”(工作或探视病人等)
  at table “在吃饭”
  at a / the table “在桌边”(有可能在聊天或看报)
  ① Is your friend in school? 你的朋友在上学吗?
  ①Your friend looked for you in the school just now.刚才你的朋友在学校里找你。
  ②Children are often in hospital when they are young. 孩子们小的时候经常生病住院。
  ③She is a good doctor in the hospital.她是医院里的一名好大夫。
  §58 at the beginning/ at the beginning of/ in the beginning
  Ⅰ. at the beginning 和 in the beginning都可表“起初、开始、原先”之意。两者间没有明显的区别,通常可互换。如:
  ①You’ll find it difficult to learn Russian at the beginning. 起初,你会觉得俄语很难。
  ②In the beginning I didn’t know this.开始我不知道这事。
  Ⅱ. 若表当今世界的开头,则必须用in the beginning  eg:
  In the beginning there were no men nor animals nor plants.在盘古开天辟地时,既没有人,也没有 动植物。
  Ⅲ. at the beginning of “在……之初”, 其后通常 接表时间,事件或其它意义的名词,其反义词组为at the end of. 如:
  ①At the beginning of 1975 he came back to China.1975年初,他回到了中国。。
  ②This adverb can also be placed at the beginning of  the sentence.这副词也可以放在句子的开头。
 2011中考英语重点词组复习资料

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